'Newtons Laws Relating to Car Safety Devices Essay\r'

'Ever since railway gondola rail elevator cable rail gondolas were invented in the early twentieth century, there suck up been road fatalities. Advances in elevator car resort technology endure seen a diminishing exp wizardntial thin out in casualties suffered on the road. The first of all machination was the seat sing, by George Cayley in the late 1900s. The adjacent major advance was with the airbag, by pot Hetrick in 1952. A patent for the mark was marketed for automobiles in 1967. The combination of each(prenominal) safety devices located in cars contri howevere to the benefit of the driverThe idea of a seat belt is simple, but it harnesses technology that shows a cumulation of ingenuity. A seatbelt is knowing to keep one fastened in their seat in the typeface of an uncivil suss out. It is essenti each(prenominal)y a piece of tough fabric that goes round the mathematical functionr. It combats the effect of the pitchfork inactiveness on ourselves, by mak ing us a part of the car. Inertia refers to an objects tendency to honor its state of rest or alike motion unless acted upon by a puff. Sir Isaac Newtons outset Law of Motion revolves around Inertia.\r\nWhen the car is in motion, inertia indispensabilitys it to keep loss at that cannonball along, but there ar several soak ups acting on it, such as friction and air resistance. The engines force compensates for this vigor loss. Anything that is in the car but not attached to it has its admit inertia, and this is limpid when the car is accelerating, decelerating and in the even offt of an abrupt get around. When in uniform motion, one cannot quality the effects of the cars inertia as sepa range to oneself, but the separate inertia is shown when the car is stopped suddenly.\r\nIn a soaring speed opposition, each car comes to a stop rapidly. Occupants not wearing their seatbelt give go along at the original speed of the car (as per the Law of Inertia) until acted upo n by a force. An un moderate occupant go by and then move at a high-pitched speed until:Colliding with the car interior or other occupants, stopping faster than the car itself, most of the clip over a distance of several cen cliptres.\r\nCrashing through the windscreen. This concentrates an awful amount of nervous impulse [(momentum=mass x axerophtholhetamine)(M=70kgx90km/h)(M=6300)] on one of the most assailable parts of the human body.\r\nImpulse is delineate as the product of the force and the time interval over which it acts. It is equal to the inter win over of momentum. With a seatbelt on, one ordain change their momentum slower and therefrom dispersed out the force acting on them. This significantly increases the take on of survival.\r\nAn occupant with a seatbelt willing have the same inertia of the car, & angstrom unit; therefore stop with it. The rate of change of the momentum of a restrained occupant is much less than that of an brainsick person. This m eans that the net force on the restrained occupant will be less. As well as increase the time interval over which the weargonr comes to a stop, a properly fitted seatbelt bypasss the stupor force over a large scrape up area of the body, in particular the pelvic arch &type A; ribcage.\r\nSeatbelts are an extremely impressive means of saving lives. Car happening researchers in Australia estimate that seatbelts degrade the jeopardy of fatal crack to front-seat occupants by 45 per cent and the find of serious injury by 50 per cent.\r\nAirbags are designed to increase the time interval during which the drivers momentum decreases during a head on collision, therefore reducing the net force on the driver, particularly from the manoeuvre wheel & dash board. It as well as acts to cushion our peculiar head during impact.\r\nAn airbag consists of 3 parts which all assist in slowing the passengers ship motion:The bag made of a thin nylon fabric, which is compressed in value to fit into the steering wheel etcetera\r\nThe sensor The device that tells the airbag to amplify, in the event of a collision. The sensors receive information from an accelerometer build into a microchip.\r\nThe inflation system Reacts with atomic number 11 azide with potassium nitrate to produce northward gas. Hot blasts of nitrogen gas inflate the airbag.\r\nWhen an airbag is deployed:15 20 milliseconds after impact: The crash sensors & control unit determine the severity of the collision. This decides if the airbag will be deployed or not.\r\n25 milliseconds: The pad application program the airbag splits in strategic weak places & begins to inflate.\r\n45 milliseconds: The airbag is fully inflated opus the occupant is still moving forward.\r\n60 milliseconds: The occupant makes contact with the airbag, which immediately begins to deflate.\r\nUp to 100 milliseconds: The occupant continues to sink into the airbag, modify the head & chest mend deflating.\r\nMome ntum is the product of mass figure by velocity. Unless an outside force acts on an object, it will continue to move at its present speed & direction. If relinquish objects in the car are not restrained, they will continue moving at the same speed as the car, even if the car is stopped in a collision. Therefore by reducing our velocity using the airbag, one will have less momentum, & therefore a greater chance of survival or serious injury.\r\nAir bags do not just cushion your body in the event of an impact, but they also spread the impact over a larger area. By doing this, the force is not all concentrated in one pocket-size area of your body. This in turn will cause the seriousness your injuries to be lessen because the force you feel is spread out.\r\nA study stated that the number of lives save by airbags is 600 per year. It also indicate that airbags mortify fatalities by 8% when worn in conjunction with a seatbelt. Airbags also reduce the risk of dying in a fronta l crash by 30 %.\r\nWearing both a seatbelt and having an airbag fitted car deeply increases the survival rate in the event of a crash.\r\nCrumple zones are deliberate weak spots the car engineers place in the structure of a car. Consider a head-on collision into a concrete wall. Before the crash, the car & its passengers move together at the same velocity. With a car constitute a rigid body, an impact will cause both automobile & occupants to halt very quickly. This immediate stop creates a large amount of force on the passengers. [(F=ma)(F=75kg x -30km/h-2 )(F=2250N)]. By change magnitude the impact time, the force on the occupants is dramatically reduced, because of this cushioning effect.\r\nNewton’s first law (a body will continue its state of motion unless acted upon by a non-zero net force) is another law that explains how decompose zones work in the face of an accident.\r\nAs your car moves west at 60 km/h, not only is it your car that is going that fast bu t it is your own body that is travelling that fast also. If your car hits a solid wall and comes to a stop immediately, your body will want to continue going west at 60 km/h because of inertia.\r\nAs the car strikes the wall, the front part crushes together. As the front of the car is absorbing the impact, energy from the impact is given off in the form of heat and sound. Because the front of the car acts as a cushion, it slows the time it takes for the car to come to a complete stop; this will apply less of a force on you.\r\nThe graph above illustrates how force changes as time changes with the use of crumple zones. The better the crumple zone, the more than effective it is in increasing the time of a collision.”Collapsible steering wheels also aid in ones survival chance in the event of a collision. It reduces the risk of impaling the driver by folding away when force is acted on it. When the body is propel forward by the effect of inertia, the steering wheel becomes les s of a perverting obstacle.\r\nLuggage restraining barriers help, in the event of a crash, by stopping the luggage that will move forward because of its own inertia.\r\nhttp://www.explainthatstuff.com/airbags.htmlAccessed 1/7/09http://www.k12.nf.ca/gc/ learning/Physics3204/Projects2003/SlotA/ProjectA2/index1.htmAccessed 2/7/09http://www.reachoutmichigan.org/funexperiments/agesubject/lessons/newton/airbags.htmlAccessed 2/7/09http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/mmedia/newtlaws/cci.htmlAccessed 4/7/09http://www.scienceperspectives.com/Sir-Isaac-and-Seat-Belts.htmAccessed 4/5/09http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/HFrame.htmlAccessed 4/5/09http://www.howstuffworks.com/airbag.htmAccessed 4/5/09http://midsouthrescue.org/id7.htmlAccessed 4/5/09http://www.gm.com/experience/ commandment/9-12/technology/physics.jspAccessed 4/5/09http://www.k12.nf.ca/gc/Science/Physics3204/Projects2003/SlotA/ProjectA2/link20.htm4/5/09http://www.k12.nf.ca/gc/Science/Physics3204/Projects2003/SlotA/ ProjectA2/link20.htmAccessed 4/5/09http://www.autoevolution.com/news/how-crumple-zones-work-7112.htmlAccessed 4/5/09http://auto.howstuffworks.com/crumple-zone.htmAccessed 4/5/09\r\n'