Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory Essay

Erick Erickson is a well known theorist. He was a student of Freud and was greatly influenced by his work. Eriksons surmisal is known as angiotensin converting enzyme of the best theories of person-to-personity in psychology. While he trustworthy Freuds supposition of psychosexual cultivation, he felt that it was incomplete. It did non pull in social and pagan influencesIt did not recognize evolution changes beyond adolescenceIt did not put enough emphasis on ego tuitionThis theory focused primarily on development of neurotic and maladaptive air and did not give enough consideration to healthy development. Erikson believed that temperament essential in a series of eight peaks. He argues that development occurs crosswise a whole lifespan. He developed his theory based on the basis that cognitive and social development occurs at the same time. Erickson believed that during development commonwealth go through a series of psychosocial crises. These crises identify a confl ict between two personality conflicts. Erickson developed detailed definitions of these psychosocial introduces and the crises associated with apiece one. Each stage installs on the preceding one and prep bes the individual for the adjacent (Martin & Fabes 2009). The 1st stage is trust versus mistrust (Main dubiousness Is the world a trustworthy place?). This stage focuses on childs needs being met by p atomic number 18nts. Infants depend on their guardians for food and comfort.Their understanding of confederacy comes from their interactions with their guardian. If a infant is exposed to consistent positive interactions, and dependable c atomic number 18, the infant get come in build trust. If the parents fail to provide and welcome the basic needs the claw will odour a experience of mistrust. exhibit 2 is Autonomy vs. pathos & Doubt (Toddlers 2 to 3 years). Main apparent movement Can I do things myself or must I always rely on others? As children gain control over their body and motor skills they pay off to claim possessions and develop a sense of independency. However, parents still provide a pick out role ofsecurity from which the child passel venture out to assert their will. When parents are patient and encouraging it helps promote autonomy. Otherwise, they are likely to impose the child with a sense of doubt which decreases their willingness to try impertinent tasks. Stage 3 is Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool, 3 to 6 years).Main Question Am I good or am I vainglorious? At this stage, children want to begin and complete their own actions for a purpose. They are acquire how well they can do things.They are also scholarship that, just because they are able to do things, does not mean it is a good idea to do it. Guilt is a new palpateing at this time. Children are beginning to learn that some behaviors may make believe them feel unhappy about themselves. They are beginning to develop sense of right and wrong. Stage 4 is Industry v s. Inferiority (6-12). Main Question Can I make it in this world? At this stage children begin to develop a sense of pride in their achievements. This is a crucial time for instructors because they play an increased role in the childs development. When children are encouraged and reinforced for their initiative, they begin to feel lively and their confidence is increased. If this initiative is not encouraged or controlled by parents or teacher, then the child will feel inferior and doubt their abilities. Stage 5 is Identity vs. Confusion (early teen). Main Question Who am I? What can I? During this stage there is a transition from puerility to adulthood, which is very important.This is when the child vexs more independent, and begins to look at the future in terms of career, human relationships, families, housing, etc. They explore and begin to form their own indistinguishability based on the outcome of their experiences. The sense of who they are can be hindered, which causes confusion about themselves and their place in the world. Stage 6 is involvement vs. Isolation. Main Question Can I love? During this stage it is the diaphragm of early adulthood when people are exploring their personal relationships. Erikson believed it was important for people to develop close and committed relationships with others. Those who are successful at this stage will develop secure relationships. Erikson believed that a strong sense of personal identity was important to developing intimate relationships.Stage 7 is Generativity vs. stagnancy (middle adulthood). Main question Can I make my life keep down? During establish this stage is when adults careers. They settle down within a relationship and begin to develop a family of their own. There is a sense of natural endowment back tosociety through raising children, working, and being involved in community activities and organizations. When adults fail to achieve these objectives, they lack self worth and feel unproducti ve. Stage 8 is Ego Integrity vs. Despair. Main question Am I happy with the way that I cod lived my life? This is the last stage of development in which adults grow older and become seniors.They hunt down to slow down in general. During this time they think about their accomplishments and are able to develop honesty about our achievements. This is when it is decided how productive one has been and if life goals have been accomplished (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikson%27s_stages_of_psychosocial_development). Critique Erickson was one of the first psychologists to become aware of the influence of culture on behavior. His theory focused on three key pointsBodyMindCultureErickson acknowledged cultural differences and contributed significantly to the study of adolescence and how they formed their identities. He felt that we should look at life in its entirety. He believed that development expanded through adulthood and that there were crises that adults encountered. His theory conf licts Freuds in the fact that his emphasis was on the role of the ego rather than the id. This makes Ericksons theory more positively oriented than Freud. Ericksons theory is geared toward a positive outcome. However, legion(predicate) theorists doubted Ericksons academic integrity. There is also very little look into that has been conducted on childhood and adult psychosocial crises. It has been noted that many of Ericksons divinatory propositions are difficult to test. Some were even impossible (Martin & Fabes, 2009).It has also been argued that Ericksons theory is more applicable to boys rather than girls. There is debate as to whether people only search for identity during the adolescent years or if one stage needs to happen before other stages can be completed (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikson%27s_stages_of_psychosocial_development). Reflection Out of all theorists that I have studied, Erickson is by far my favorite. After exploring Ericksons stages of development, I agr ee that his theory does describe the changes in ones life. I do feel that we face acrises/conflict in each stage. Although I cannot look upon my early stages of development, I have experienced them with my children and as a teacher I have witnessed these crises. At this time I have a child in each stage of development.I know my infant depends on me and I feel that if I do not meet his needs he will develop a sense of mistrust. I also have a child that worries about fitting in and constantly worries about relationships with friends. I feel that I am shortly in the middle adulthood stage. I have settled down. I have a family, and I have started a career. Erickson stages of development are especially useful for teachers. Teachers as do parents, play a key role in helping or hindering children in their personality development.Erickson viewed development as a reflection of relationships with parents and family within the broader context of society (Brewer, 2006 p.21). Teachers that foll ow Ericksons belief will develop programs that allow children the chance to build trust and bonds. School age children are dealing with the demands of learning new skills, fitting in with their classmates and accomplishing goals (Morrison, 2007p. 125). I believe that Ericksons stages of development will be beneficial in assisting teachers with observing and responding to their students needs.ResourcesMorrison, G. (2007). primordial childhood education today (10th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J. Pearson Merrill/Prentice Hall. Brewer, J. (2006). Introduction to Early Childhood Education Preschool Through Primary Grades (6th ed.). Boston, New York Pearson/Allyn & Bacon, Martin, C., & Fabes, R. (2009). Discovering child development (2nd ed.). Boston, NewYork Houghton Mifflin Company. http//info.psu.edu.sa/psu/maths/Erikson%27s%20Theory%20of%20Psychosocial%20Development%20%282%29.pdf http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikson%27s_stages_of_psychosocial_development